Surgical and non - surgical intervention for speech rehabilitation in Parkinson disease

Parkinson disease is a common progressive neurological disorder with an unluown etiology. It hns a high incidence of speech, voice and laryngeal abnormalities which vary due to the severity of the disease. In addirton b temor and supraglottic hyperfinction, bowed vocal folds may result as part of the aging process. This condirton will cause an inadequate vocal fold adduction or hypoadduction. The approaches for speech rehabilitation in Parkinson disease are speech therapy or vocal fold augmentation. One of the most studied approaches is the lze Silvennan voice treatrnent for Parkinson disease. This program encourages maxirnum phonntory effort and improves voice quality, Vocal fold augmmtation by injecting under direct visual contol is one way to restore the focal fold function, The ultimate goal in the restoration of glottic insufficicncy is to mimic nature as closely as possible. Although many clinical stulies show promising results for the use of collagen injection for bowed vocal foW ffeatment, no stady had shawn the efficacy of injected vocal fold compared to voice teannent or the fficacy of combining both procedures.